Role of Signaling Transduction Pathways in Development of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Almost all patients who succumb to prostate cancer die of metastatic castration-resistant disease. Although docetaxel is the standard treatment for this disease and is associated with modest prolongation of survival, there is an urgent need for novel treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Great advances in our understanding of the biological and molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer progression have resulted in many clinical trials of numerous targeted therapies. In this paper, we review mechanisms of CRPC development, with particular focus on recent advances in the understanding of specific intracellular signaling pathways participating in the proliferation of CRPC cells

HOME CARE NURSES’ WORK AND FAMILY: IS IT EFFECTIVE FOR NURSING TO FULFILL A FAMILY ROLE?

Aim: the purpose of this study was to examine whether home care nurses consider that fulfilling a family role makes a positive difference on nursing performance, and to identify associated factors. Methods: a self-report questionnaire was used to survey 236 home care nurses working in Japan. We asked each respondent to identify his/her family-related and work-related variables. We then measured their level of work-family conflict, and the degree to which fulfilling their family role had a positive effect on nursing performance. Descriptive statistics and a hierarchical regression analysis were conducted (p < .05). Results: a total of 201 participants (85.2%) indicated that fulfilling a family role had a positive effect on nursing performance. This perception was positively associated with having a child (β = .248, p = .02) and training in a home healthcare office (β = .154, p = .018). However, age (β = -.225, p = .003), on-call duty (β = -.300, p = .006), and work-family conflict (family interference with work; β = -.206, p = .01) were negatively related to it. Conclusion: the majority of home care nurses perceived that fulfilling a family role had a positive effect on nursing performance. Home care nurses recognized that their experience in childrearing fosters their nursing ability. Future research should explore the skills home care nurses acquire by fulfilling a family role

Guided wave propagation in metallic and resin plates loaded with water on single surface

Our previous papers reported dispersion curves for leaky Lamb waves in a water-loaded plate and wave structures for several typical modes including quasi-Scholte waves [1,2]. The calculations were carried out with a semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) method developed for leaky Lamb waves. This study presents SAFE calculations for transient guided waves including time-domain waveforms and animations of wave propagation in metallic and resin water-loaded plates. The results show that non-dispersive and non-attenuated waves propagating along the interface between the fluid and the plate are expected for effective non-destructive evaluation of such fluid-loaded plates as storage tanks and transportation pipes. We calculated transient waves in both steel and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plates loaded with water on a single side and input dynamic loading from a point source on the other water-free surface as typical examples of metallic and resin plates. For a steel plate, there exists a non-dispersive and non-attenuated mode, called the quasi-Scholte wave, having an almost identical phase velocity to that of water. The quasi-Scholte wave has superior generation efficiency in the low frequency range due to its broad energy distribution across the plate, whereas it is localized near the plate-water interface at higher frequencies. This means that it has superior detectability of inner defects. For a PVC plate, plural non-attenuated modes exist. One of the non-attenuated modes similar to the A0 mode of the Lamb wave in the form of a group velocity dispersion curve is promising for the non-destructive evaluation of the PVC plate because it provides prominent characteristics of generation efficiency and low dispersion.42ND ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: Incorporating the 6th European-American Workshop on Reliability of NDE, 26–31 July 2015, Minneapolis, MinnesotaTakahiro Hayashi and Daisuke Inoue, "Guided wave propagation in metallic and resin plates loaded with water on single surface", AIP Conference Proceedings 1706, 030003 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.494047

Numerical analysis of leaky Lamb wave propagation using a semi-analytical finite element method

41ST ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, Volume 34, 20–25 July 2014, Boise, Idaho, USAReproduced from Takahiro Hayashi and Daisuke Inoue, "Numerical analysis of leaky Lamb wave propagation using a semi-analytical finite element method", AIP Conference Proceedings 1650, 695-702 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4914670, with the permission of AIP Publishing

動脈硬化を伴う腎下極への腎動脈分枝による高齢者の腎盂尿管移行部狭窄症の2例

症例1は83歳女, 主訴は左側腹部痛と高熱である.左尿管カテーテル留置し, 抗生剤投与とエンドトキシン吸着療法施行後, 手術にて腎下極を支配する動静脈による腎盂尿管移行部の圧迫が左水腎症の原因であると判明, これらの切断にて閉塞を解除した.症例2は82歳男, 主訴は右側腹部痛で, 既往歴に高血圧があった.腎血管造影にて腎下極への動脈の圧迫による水腎症が原因と判明.この動脈の切断と腎盂形成術にて軽快.2例とも長期に高血圧症を患い, 軽度から重度の動脈硬化を呈していた.動脈硬化による腎盂尿管移行部の締め付けが, 高齢者に発症し, 増悪する水腎症の一因と考えられるAn 83-year-old woman presented with left flank pain and high grade fever. After left ureteral catheterization and intensive chemotherapy with hemoperfusion, surgical exploration revealed the lower pole branches of the renal vessels were obstructing the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ), and dissection of the vessels released the obstruction. An 82-year-old man presented with right flank pain. Angiography demonstrated UPJ obstruction caused by the lower pole branch of the renal artery. Arterial dissection with dismembered pyeloplasty resulted in improvement of obstruction. In both cases, the patients had a long history of hypertension with mild to severe arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis associated with fixation of the UPJ, may be one of the important factors leading to progressive hydronephrosis in geriatric patients